A group of words that makes a complete sense is called a sentence.
OR
When two or more words are joined together, they become a sentence.
Parts of Sentence:
A sentence has two main parts:
1. Subject
2. Predicate
Subject:
A word or words denoting the person or thing about which something is said is called subject.
For Example:
Sana is cooking in the kitchen.
He is a boy.
Ali is my best friend.
2. Predicate:
It is that part of sentence which tells us something about the subject.
Sana is cooking in the kitchen.
He is a boy.
Ali is my best friend.
Kinds of Sentences (According to Structure):
There are three main kinds of sentence according to their structure.
1. Simple Sentence
A simple sentence is also called an independent clause. It contains a subject and a verb and it expresses a complete thought.
For Example:
She is a good singer.
I was attending my class.
Some students like to study in the morning.
Aslam and Ali play football in the afternoon.
My friend goes to library and studies there.
Sentence 4 contains compound subjects and sentence 5 contains compound verbs. We can say that a simple sentence contains a subject and a verb and it expresses a complete thought but it can also contain compound subjects and compound verbs.
2. Compound Sentence
A compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a co-coordinator.
The coordinators are: And, but, so, for, nor, or, yet etc
For Example:
I like oranges but Ahmed likes mangoes.
I tried to catch him but he ran away.
3. Complex Sentence
A complex sentence has an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. A complex sentence always has a subordinator.
Some important subordinators are: Because, since, although, after, when and some certain relative pronouns such as that, who, which.
For Example:
I cannot attend my friend’s wedding reception because I am ill.
The students who are on the bus are studying English.
After they finished their work, Iqra and Maria went for shopping.
Kinds of Sentences (According to their use):
There are five kinds of sentences according to use.
1. Assertive Sentence
It is a sentence that contains a statement. It is also called a declarative sentence. It is further divided into two parts:
A. Affirmative Sentence
It is a sentence which simply affirms or tells us something. It is also called positive sentence.
For Example:
Ali is a good boy.
She offers prayer five times a day.
B. Negative Sentence:
It is a sentence which denies or negates something.
For Example:
I do not blame you.
She never tells a lie.
He has not caught anything.
2. Interrogative Sentence
It is a sentence in which some question is asked for information.
For Example:
Are you going to Lahore tomorrow?
What are you eating?
Is she the topper of her class?
3. Imperative Sentence
It is a sentence which expresses some proposal, command, a piece of advice, request or prohibition.
For Example:
Act upon your teacher’s advice (A piece of advice)
Run away from here (Command)
Please help me in my distress (Request)
Let us study together (Proposal)